Sorting Out Immunization Information

Q:  I've been on the Internet looking at immunization safety and found several sites alleging a link between immunizations and an increase in childhood asthma, juvenile onset diabetes and even autism. I find this just a little bit frightening and would like some reassurance.

A:  This question deserves a thoughtful response, best addressed through some historical perspective.

Most of us could not comprehend that the average life expectancy for Americans at the turn of the last century was 47 years of age. By the close of the century it had almost doubled, to 76. Many people have no recollection of the polio epidemic of the 1950s, or of children dying from the complications of measles or chicken pox. Most of us don't even know that the letters of the DPT injection stand for diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough) and tetanus, because those diseases have been more or less eradicated.

The development of safe and effective vaccines is largely responsible for the good health our children experience today; but some people fail to recognize that we face new challenges that necessitate continued diligence. More children than ever are now placed in day care. Despite the most concerted efforts of those supervising children, the number of illnesses and infections experienced by these little ones is increased, because they inevitably come into contact with one another's germs. Children in day care must have their immunizations up to date, for the safety of all.

Extensive Testing
All vaccines are extensively tested before being released for public use. If problems are discovered, the vaccines are rapidly withdrawn. This process was in evidence with a new vaccine to prevent rotavirus infection, a significant cause of childhood diarrhea that can be life-threatening. A very small number of the recipients developed a rare form of intestinal obstruction. As a result, the product was withdrawn within months of its release.

By counter-example, the vaccine for pertussis was at one point known to contain minor impurities that were the cause of mild to severe reactions in very rare instances. Some parents reacted by refusing that immunization. As a consequence, far more children suffered from whooping cough than would have occurred if they had received the vaccine - and some died.

A similar problem occurred in the late 1980s and early '90s, when some parents refused measles vaccination for their children, yielding a deadly outbreak.

There are several credible-appearing sites on the Internet that allege links between childhood vaccination and autism, SIDS, juvenile onset diabetes and childhood asthma. There is no evidence whatsoever to justify any connections between these tragic diseases and immunization. Some sites are supported by parents and well-meaning folks struggling with the heartache and devastation of chronic childhood illness and death. Even so, they are just plain wrong and misleading.

Immunization has saved countless lives and prevented untold suffering. Don't be afraid to ask your child's doctor any questions you have about immunizations, and do plenty of research before you believe unsubstantiated health information on the Internet.

If you are worried about mild reactions such as fever and irritability that can occur with some immunizations, premedicate your child with acetaminophen according to his or her weight. and remember, don't ever threaten your child with a shot from the doctor as a form of punishment.

We are living in an age of rapid discovery and rapid dissemination of information. Despite the progress through research and technology, there is still no substitute for a good relationship between you and your child's doctor.

"Your Health" provides easy-to-understand information about common health conditions.