Craniosynostosis

Craniosynostosis is a congenital anomaly characterized by premature closure -- before the completion of brain growth -- of one or more cranial sutures (the fibrous joints between the bones of the skull). The disorder results in an abnormal skull and head shape.

The condition may be a feature of a chromosomal or genetic syndrome or abnormality, or it may occur spontaneously. Some cases may be associated with disorders such as microcephaly (abnormally small head) and hydrocephalus (excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain).

The first sign is an abnormal head shape. Other symptoms, which include increased intracranial pressure, developmental delay, and mental retardation, may be caused by constriction of the growing brain. Seizures and blindness may also occur.

Treatment for craniosynostosis generally consists of surgery (usually performed early in life) to relieve increased intracranial pressure, assure capacity of the skull to accommodate brain growth, and improve the appearance of the head.

Prognosis for craniosynostosis varies depending on whether single or multiple sutures are involved and the presence of associated abnormalities. Prognosis is better for those with single suture involvement and no associated abnormalities.

Information provided by the
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke,
National Institutes of Health

Each year, Medical College of Wisconsin physicians care for more than 180,000 patients, representing nearly 500,000 patient visits. Medical College physicians practice at Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Froedtert Memorial Lutheran Hospital, the Milwaukee VA Medical Center, and many other hospitals and clinics in Milwaukee and southeastern Wisconsin.